Bevel gear-wheel.



E. H, WLNG QVIST. BEVEL GEAR WHEEL. APPUCATION man MAR. 11. 1915.

Patented Oct. 15, 1918;

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

E. H. WINGQVIST BEVEL GEAR WHEEL. APPLICATION mm NARA]. 191s.

Patented Oct. 15, 1918.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

E. H. WINGQVIST. BEVEL GEAR WHEEL. APPLICATION FILED MAR.1T. 1915.

Patented 00fl15,1918.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

, To all whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERIK HJALMAR W NG VIST, OF oo'r'rENBoae, S'WEDEN,.ASSIGNOB, ,Y DmEo'r AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, or oNE-H LE T AKTIEEoLAGET svENS A KULLAGER- FABBIKEN, 0F GOTTENBORG, SWEDEN, A CORPORATION OF swEDEN, AND oNE- HALF 'IO BnowN-LIPE GEAR COMPANY, OF SYRACUSE, NEw YORK, A coRPonA'rnm OF NEW YORK.

Be it known that I, ERIK I-Lumun VING- vIs'T, a citizen of the Kingdom of Sweden, residing at Gottenborg, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improved Bevel Gear-Wheels, ofwhich the following is a specification. 1

In the majority of bevel gear-wheels hitherto known the outer surfaces of the teeth, and thusthe surfaces bounding the gap or space b tween'two adjacent teeth,

- quently the bottom Surfaces of the gaps between the teeth are tapered from the outer edge toward the apex of the cone. Such teeth may, it is true, he cut in machines, but

each side-wall bounding the gaps-between viatcd by means of the present invention, ac-

cording to which a bevel gear-wheel is soformed'thatthe bottom surfaces of the gaps between adjacent teeth lie on, or approxiand the side surfaces of the teeth are formed the teeth must, on. account of time tapering bottom Surface, be cut separately. Thus the cutting of bevel gear-wheels, compared with the cutting of spur-wheels, is tedious and ex pensive. The attempts hitherto. made to reduce the cost of n'ianufacturing bevel gearwheels have been directed to improvements in the machines uscd't'or their manufacture,- and although certain progress has been made in this res met, the improvements have not, however, i)

been overcome, of making each gap by two seplarate cutting operations. 1

hed fliculties mentioned above are obnately' on, the surface of a cone or other com 'vcrgent pyramidal Surface whose apex is situated evond (measured from the gearwheel) theapex ofthe normal pitch-cone,

on substantially customary theoretically core rect lines convergent upon the apex of the normal pitch-cone. By this apparently, in-

significant modification, it is possible, as

will be described below, to cut simu1tane-..

-IBEYEL GIEAIii-7111311111,,A

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Application filed March 7, lens; Serial-Ne. 14,904.

een of any .great mportance owing to thenecessity Wh1Cl1 has not yet ously both sides of. a gap between adiacent teeth by means of a single tool in one and the same working operation. Thus the manufactors of bevel gear-wheels is renderedEas simple and -maybe effected as readil as the manufacture of ordinary spur-whee S.

Preferably in a bevel gear-wheel according' to this invention the bottom surface of a gap aforesaid is of uniform width throughout its length.

A further object of the invention'is to provide a libvel gear-wheel wherein the top edges of the teeth lie on', or approximately on, the surface of a cone or other pyramid whose apex is situated nearer to the wheel than is the apex of the normalxpitch-cone.

The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description read in conjunction with the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which-- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a pitclrcone and generating wheel in elevation and plan respectively for the purpose of explaining the principles underlying tion of bevel gear-wheels;

the usual forum Figs. 3 to '5 diagrammatlcaly illustrate various phases of' construction of radial toothed bevel gear-wheels according to the present invention, and

Figs. '6 and 7 illustrate the formation of i skew toothed bevel gear-wheels also made according to the resent invention. i I

Figs. 1 and 2 i lustrate a so-ca1led enerating wheel. I supposed to be made of hard material and acone 4 supposed to. be made ofplastic material. The generating wheel 1 is provided with teeth 2 in the form of three-sided pyramids, the tops of which 0on verge in a point 3 on the axis of the gen crating. wheel The cone 4 may be suppos'erl' to'forrn a gear-wheel blank having its apex coincident with the point to which the teeth f a 9 5 cone, w ile kept pressed against the genof the enerating wheel conv'eme. lf the crating wheel .1, s Set in rollingqinotion around the same, the teeth 2 will generate impressions in this-cone. The sha e of these impressions corresponds to the ape oftt teeth 2, except that the side surfaces becom.

curved.- Thecontact between. a tooth 2 and the cone 4' during therolling'movenient of the latter always takes place along a 'line through the point 3, and the .side Surfaces of the teeth lie on a series oi straight radial lines all of which pass through the point 3.

If the tops of the teeth of the generatingwheel, are cut along a conical surfaee,'tl1e top of wlneh lies in the point 3. and it the bottom surfaces of thegaps between theteeth constitute portions of the side-surface of another eonieal surface, the to otwhieh also lies in the point 3, teeth of hitherto used shape will be generated on" the cone i during its rolling movement on the generating wheel, 2 6., the limiting surfaces of all gaps as well as the top surfaees'of the teeth eonverge; if extendeth in one and the same;

point. Thetooth walls ,or surfaces generated by Such a generating wheel will also lie on a seriesvot straight radial lines eonvergingona point such as 3' in the manner mentioned; above. It will, however, be easily understood that the tops of the teeth of the generating" wheel may also he cut in any othermanner without interfering with the .above described formation of the side surfaces ofthe teeth generated. Thus the teeth 2 may for instance be out along a surfaee; eutting the flanks of'the teeth along.

full length of the tooth and conveniently of the shape '(rorrespoiiding to tl'nr t of a tooth of the generating whe'el fo'ri'ned in erosH-seetion in the above last mentioned manner, viz., as a triangle \\'l ioI s"e apex has been cut away to provide a fiattened-to1)' ed ge sl'lr'faee. This cutting tool and a' geardvh'eel blank are then caused to move in relation to each other in the sa'i'ne manner as a tooth of the generating wheel and the eon'el. at the same time. causing the cutting tool to make a cutting niove nen't. This is illustrated in l igmit to 6 (if thedrawing in whit-h designates a geaiwwheel blank and 6 a tool shown diagrammatically. The latter may be (701- ip oee dof or form ja series of=el itting edges arranged one behind another and its-funda- .ided Sui" e'e near to The ap ex oi ythe 'e. 'llie'lwo 31th. surh s will]. inter- Heet eaelijotllei'l it' extended. along the: line ndine' to the topbr alpexline on the teeth, it 15 neeessfai v, as \vill:be ea. I evident from theabove (.llSCLlSfilUll eoneerngirlar portion, wl

eam e 'worhi ot tbegap gap-having its" 'duestio isary t 7 mr d1 ti e! ingi Figs. 1 and-2, that the tool always maintains such a position in relation to the gear-'- wheel *blank, that the supposed line 7-H always [)HSSUH' through the apex A of the "pitch-cone of the great-wheel blan'lo and that the tool, in addition moves relatively to the gear-wheel blank in the same. main-Yer as a tooth of the generating wheel 1 moves in relation to the (-one 4.

According to Fig. I-L in \Vlllt'll the dime lion of movement of the gear-\vl'i'eel blank and of the tool (apart from the euttiilgr movement of the latter) is ind'i at-("d bv the arrow 11, the tool has cut into the gear-wheel blank so far, that it has connneneed to form one side in the figure the right side.) ol the ap between two teeth, The surt'are Ho formed is sho'wn in full li'l esaml'ia so formedas to lie on a series ot'straigl'it lines slll'h as the hue 10. This lme which, as w ll the other straight lines of the series, indieate.-;

a temporary rontaet line between the tool and the gear-wln-el blank. passes, it extended, as will be evident .froin the t'oren'o ing desrription through the point i\.- In Fig. 4 the tool has reached a middle p'ositionrelatively to the geawwheel blank. The tool hast-ion, b means of its right side at:- eording to the illustrz'ilion, for-med the right wa-llof the ga -rte sneh' an, extent, as is req lllsl-ll for its engagement with'a tooth-eta eoiip'erating gear-wheel}. The bottom of the gap,'\ vlneh n this ease will be ex'aetlv v substantiallyfiof tlreearn width throng: tout left. side of the fin not aet'lzni-ljlyjeon's ti. a'pa'r' ofthe woiilting surfaeeof thetoot-i a d the hi/1 7C of \\'-l-i1ie'li eonsed'll'ent[Ya is of no in )rtariee. A eon-e- :spond-ing sharp angu air out will also be made on the right ofthe bottom of the gap, as the tool and the gear-wheel bank eontinne their movement from the In lle position shown-in 1* ig, during the formation of the left side-bf lwo'"diiieren't of this form 'atz'ion" "a re. show-n in liigs. 5 and 6. I is evident t'ron'i the/above .slble, by means ot, a 'e ingle too and ain the operation, to torin 1 both resales eith, the

'or'etieal lineHjant-l the bot m1 lotfated on a. v

so as to a I torna part of the i bat whiehdoes surfaces of just described. Thus the tops will be out along a conical surface, the top C of which, Fig. a, is situated nearer to the gear-wheel than the top of the pitch-cone.

By such a formation of theteeth an important adwantagc is, hbweven, attained. be cause the engagement of the teeth of two co-acting gear-wheels commences at the outer ends of the teeth and continues along longer and longer lines, until it extends finally along the whole length. of the teeth. On account thereof the engagement of the teeth will be gradual, and the running of the gear will be noiseless and smooth.

Of course, the invention is also applicable to bevel gear-Wheels in which'thei teeth are inclined relatively to radial planes thrmigb the axis of the gear-wheel, i. (1., skew or nonradial teeth. Such a wheel is shown in Fig. 7 in side view and plan. Also in this case each gap may be cut in a single working 0 eration by -means of the tool described a ove. In this case, however, the imaginary apex-line 7-8 of the tool has to touch a sphere, the ce'nter of which coincides with t e top of the pitclrco'ne of the gearavheel blank.

Having thusdescribed my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let ters Patent. is g p 1. A bevel gear having the top faces of its teeth and the bottoms of the spaces between the teeth located in cones which in tersect the pitch cone between the apex of the .pitch cone and the inner ends of the teeth, substantially as and for the purpose described. a

2. A bevel gear-wheel having the bottom surfaces of the gaps between adjacent teeth lying on or approximately on the surface of a cone or other convergent pyramidal sun face whose apex is situated beyond -(meastired from the gear-wheel) the apex of the normal itch-cone, and havingthe side surfaces of the teeth formed on substantially customary theoretically correct lines convergent upon the apex of the normal pitch cone, substantially as and for the purpose .set' forth.

3. A bevel gear-wheel having the bottom surfaces of the gaps between adjacent teeth lylng on or approximately on the surface of a cone or other convergent pyramidal gsurface whose apex is situated beyond.

(measured from the gear wheel) the apex of the normal pitch-cone, and having the side t ,e teeth formed on substantially customary theoretically correct lines convergent upon the apex of the normal pitchcone. and having the bottom surface of a gap aforesaid of uniform width throughout its length. substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. A bevel gear-wheel having the bo'tom surfaces of the gaps between adjacent teeth lying on or amiroxi'mately on the surface of a cone or other convergent pyramidal surface whose apex is situated beyond (measured from the gtmr-wheel) the apex of the normal pitch-cone; and having the side surfaces of the teeth formed on substantially customarv theoretically correct. lines convergent upon the apex of the normal pitch- -a cone or other convergent pyramidal surface whose apex is situated beyond (measured from the gear-wheel) the apex of the normal pitch-cone. and having the side surfaces of the teeth formed on substantially customary theoretically correct lines convergcnt upon the apex of the normal pitchcone. and having the bottom surface of a gap aforesaid of uniform width throughout its length, while/the top edges of theteeth lie on the surface of a cone or other pyramid. whose apex is situated nearer to the .wheel than is the apex of the normal pitch-cone, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. A Jbevel gem-having the top faces of its teeth and the bottoms of the spaces between the teeth located in cones which intersect the pitch cone between the apex of the pitch cone and the inner endsof the teeth and having the bottoms of the spaces between the teeth and the tops of the teeth of uniform width tln'mlghout. their length, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto setmy hand in presence of two. subscribing wit- 

